本篇附带烧伤图片

心理承受力低下者谨慎阅读

一、烧伤概述

Injurytotissuescausedbyheatcontact.Burnsmaybecausedbydryheat(fire),moistheat(steamorliquid),chemicals,lightning,electricity,orradiation.

热接触引起的组织损伤。烧伤可能是由干热(火)，湿热(蒸汽或液体)，化学物质，闪电，电或辐射引起的。

Burnsusuallyareclassifiedasfollows:

烧伤通常分为以下几种:

first-degreeburns—superficialepidermallesions,erythema,hyperesthesia,andnoblisters.

一级烧伤，浅表表皮病变，红斑，感觉过敏，没有水泡。

second-degreeburns(partial-thicknessburninjury)—epidermalanddermallesions,erythema,blisters,andhyperesthesia.

二度烧伤(部分厚度烧伤)-表皮和真皮病变、红斑、水疱、和感觉过敏。

third-degreeburns(full-thicknessburninjury)—epidermisanddermisaredestroyed(necrosisofskin),andsubcutaneouslayerisdamaged,leavingcharred,whitetissue.

三度烧伤(全层烧伤)-表皮和真皮被破坏(皮肤坏死)，皮下组织受损，留下烧焦的白色组织。

二、单词

1、手术

freeskingraft皮片

razor-thingraft;epidermalskingraft刃厚皮片

intermediatesplitthicknessskingraft;

intermediatethicknessfreeskingraft中厚皮片

thinintermediatethicknessfreeskingraft薄中厚皮片

thickintermediatethicknessfreeskingraft厚中厚皮片

full-thicknessskingraft全厚皮片

full-thicknessskintransplantation全厚皮肤移植

flap;skinflap皮瓣

transferofskinflap皮瓣转移

skinflapgrafting;transferringofskinflap皮瓣移植术

Debridement清创术

Humbyknife辊轴刀

drumdermatome;padgettdermatome鼓式取皮机

Dermatape取皮胶膜

harvestingofskingrafts取皮术

wetdressing(onsurfaceofwound)创面湿敷

excisionofeschar切痂

escharexcision切痂术

escharshaving削痂

Tangentialexcisionofeschar；escharshaving削痂术

（skinflapgrafting;transferringofskinflap皮瓣移植术↑↑↑，图源网络）

2、分级分度

GreaterthanorEqualto大于等于

greaterthan,largerthan大于

LessthanorEqualto小于等于

smallerthan,lessthan小于

Trunk;torso躯干部

Upperlimbs上肢

Lowerlimbs下肢

Upperarm上臂

Forearm前臂

Perineum会阴

buttock,haunch臀部

Subcutaneoustissue皮下组织

Derma真皮层

Epiderm表皮层

Hairs;pelage毛发

sebaceousgland皮脂腺sweatglands汗腺

crust痂皮

deepseconddegreeburn深II度烧伤

superficialseconddegreeburn浅II度烧伤

firstdegreeburnI度烧伤

ThirddegreeburnIII度烧伤

ForthdegreeburnIV度烧伤

majorburn;severeburn;severedegreeburn;severe[degree]burn重度烧伤

minorburn;mild[degree]burn轻度烧伤

moderate[degree]burn;seconddegreeburn中度烧伤

3、护理、治疗

Burnward;burnunit烧伤病房

Burnpatient烧伤病人

urgenttreatmentforburnpatientinfamily烧伤病人家庭紧急处理法

Burnpatientdiet烧伤病人饮食

transportationofburnpatient烧伤病人转送

Complicationofburn烧伤并发症

Residualburnwound烧伤残余创面

burncongestionzone烧伤充血带

Burncare烧伤处理

Burnwound烧伤创面

Managementofburnwound烧伤创面处理

openmethodtreatmentofburn烧伤创面开放暴露疗法

Burnwoundsepsis烧伤创面脓毒症

Burnwoundhealing烧伤创面愈合

Elasticbandage弹力绷带

Burntoxin烧伤毒素

Classificationofburn烧伤分类

Burndressing烧伤敷料

Burndressingchange烧伤敷料交换

fluidreplacement;fluidinfusion补液

fluidreplacementtherapy补液疗法

fluidreplacementformula补液量计算公式

Initiallocaltreatmentoffirstdegreeburn一度烧伤初期局部治疗

Rotatingbed翻身床

occlusivedressing;treatmentbybandage包扎疗法

transfusionroom输液室

washingroom洗涤室

Pharmacystore药库

Pharmacy药房

4、合并症

Infectionofburn烧伤感染

burnhypermetabolism烧伤高代谢

Burncream烧伤膏

burn

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